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A new type of quinoxalinone derivatives affects viability, invasion, and intracellular growth of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites in vitro

  • Norma Rivera Fernández
  • , Mónica Mondragón Castelán
  • , Sirenia González Pozos
  • , Carlos J. Ramírez Flores
  • , Ricardo Mondragón González
  • , Carmen T. Gómez de León
  • , Kitzia N. Castro Elizalde
  • , Yovani Marrero Ponce
  • , Vicente J. Arán
  • , Miriam A. Martins Alho
  • , Ricardo Mondragón Flores*
  • *Corresponding author for this work
  • Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina
  • Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional
  • CSIC - Medicinal Chemistry Institute
  • Universidad de Buenos Aires

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

13 Scopus citations

Abstract

Quinoxalinone derivatives, identified as VAM2 compounds (7-nitroquinoxalin-2-ones), were evaluated against Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites of the RH strain. The VAM2 compounds were previously synthesized based on the design obtained from an in silico prediction with the software TOMOCOMD-CARDD. From the ten VAM2 drugs tested, several showed a deleterious effect on tachyzoites. However, VAM2-2 showed the highest toxoplasmicidal activity generating a remarkable decrease in tachyzoite viability (in about 91 %) and a minimal alteration in the host cell. An evident inhibition of host cell invasion by tachyzoites previously treated with VAM2-2 was observed in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, remarkable alterations were observed in the pellicle parasite, such as swelling, roughness, and blebbing. Toxoplasma motility was inhibited, and subpellicular cytoskeleton integrity was altered, inducing a release of its components to the soluble fraction. VAM2-2 showed a clear and specific deleterious effect on tachyzoites viability, structural integrity, and invasive capabilities with limited effects in host cells morphology and viability. VAM2-2 minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC50) was determined as 3.3 μM ± 1.8. Effects of quinoxalinone derivatives on T. gondii provide the basis for a future therapeutical alternative in the treatment of toxoplasmosis.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)2081-2096
Number of pages16
JournalParasitology Research
Volume115
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 May 2016

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

  1. SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
    SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

  • Apicomplexan
  • In silico drug design
  • Pellicle
  • Quinoxalinone derivatives
  • TOMOCOMD-CARDD
  • Toxoplasma gondii

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