Abstract
Amazonian forests are extraordinarily diverse, but the estimated species richness is very much debated. Here, we apply an ensemble of parametric estimators and a novel technique that includes conspecific spatial aggregation to an extended database of forest plots with up-to-date taxonomy. We show that the species abundance distribution of Amazonia is best approximated by a logseries with aggregated individuals, where aggregation increases with rarity. By averaging several methods to estimate total richness, we confirm that over 15,000 tree species are expected to occur in Amazonia. We also show that using ten times the number of plots would result in an increase to just ~50% of those 15,000 estimated species. To get a more complete sample of all tree species, rigorous field campaigns may be needed but the number of trees in Amazonia will remain an estimate for years to come.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 10130 |
| Journal | Scientific Reports |
| Volume | 10 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 1 Dec 2020 |
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In: Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, No. 1, 10130, 01.12.2020.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
TY - JOUR
T1 - Biased-corrected richness estimates for the Amazonian tree flora
AU - ter Steege, Hans
AU - Prado, Paulo I.
AU - Lima, Renato A.F.de
AU - Pos, Edwin
AU - de Souza Coelho, Luiz
AU - de Andrade Lima Filho, Diogenes
AU - Salomão, Rafael P.
AU - Amaral, Iêda Leão
AU - de Almeida Matos, Francisca Dionízia
AU - Castilho, Carolina V.
AU - Phillips, Oliver L.
AU - Guevara, Juan Ernesto
AU - de Jesus Veiga Carim, Marcelo
AU - Cárdenas López, Dairon
AU - Magnusson, William E.
AU - Wittmann, Florian
AU - Martins, Maria Pires
AU - Sabatier, Daniel
AU - Irume, Mariana Victória
AU - da Silva Guimarães, José Renan
AU - Molino, Jean François
AU - Bánki, Olaf S.
AU - Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez
AU - Pitman, Nigel C.A.
AU - Ramos, José Ferreira
AU - Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel
AU - Venticinque, Eduardo Martins
AU - Luize, Bruno Garcia
AU - Núñez Vargas, Percy
AU - Silva, Thiago Sanna Freire
AU - de Leão Novo, Evlyn Márcia Moraes
AU - Reis, Neidiane Farias Costa
AU - Terborgh, John
AU - Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto
AU - Casula, Katia Regina
AU - Honorio Coronado, Euridice N.
AU - Montero, Juan Carlos
AU - Duque, Alvaro
AU - Costa, Flávia R.C.
AU - Castaño Arboleda, Nicolás
AU - Schöngart, Jochen
AU - Zartman, Charles Eugene
AU - Killeen, Timothy J.
AU - Marimon, Beatriz S.
AU - Marimon-Junior, Ben Hur
AU - Vasquez, Rodolfo
AU - Mostacedo, Bonifacio
AU - Demarchi, Layon O.
AU - Feldpausch, Ted R.
AU - Engel, Julien
AU - Petronelli, Pascal
AU - Baraloto, Chris
AU - Assis, Rafael L.
AU - Castellanos, Hernán
AU - Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni
AU - de Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante
AU - Quaresma, Adriano
AU - Laurance, Susan G.W.
AU - Rincón, Lorena M.
AU - Andrade, Ana
AU - Sousa, Thaiane R.
AU - Camargo, José Luís
AU - Schietti, Juliana
AU - Laurance, William F.
AU - de Queiroz, Helder Lima
AU - Nascimento, Henrique Eduardo Mendonça
AU - Lopes, Maria Aparecida
AU - de Sousa Farias, Emanuelle
AU - Magalhães, José Leonardo Lima
AU - Brienen, Roel
AU - Aymard C, Gerardo A.
AU - Revilla, Juan David Cardenas
AU - Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães
AU - Cintra, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat
AU - Stevenson, Pablo R.
AU - Feitosa, Yuri Oliveira
AU - Duivenvoorden, Joost F.
AU - Mogollón, Hugo F.
AU - Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro
AU - Ferreira, Leandro Valle
AU - Lozada, José Rafael
AU - Comiskey, James A.
AU - de Toledo, José Julio
AU - Damasco, Gabriel
AU - Dávila, Nállarett
AU - Lopes, Aline
AU - García-Villacorta, Roosevelt
AU - Draper, Freddie
AU - Vicentini, Alberto
AU - Cornejo Valverde, Fernando
AU - Lloyd, Jon
AU - Gomes, Vitor H.F.
AU - Neill, David
AU - Alonso, Alfonso
AU - Dallmeier, Francisco
AU - de Souza, Fernanda Coelho
AU - Gribel, Rogerio
AU - Arroyo, Luzmila
AU - Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes
AU - de Aguiar, Daniel Praia Portela
AU - do Amaral, Dário Dantas
AU - Pansonato, Marcelo Petratti
AU - Feeley, Kenneth J.
AU - Berenguer, Erika
AU - Fine, Paul V.A.
AU - Guedes, Marcelino Carneiro
AU - Barlow, Jos
AU - Ferreira, Joice
AU - Villa, Boris
AU - Peñuela Mora, Maria Cristina
AU - Jimenez, Eliana M.
AU - Licona, Juan Carlos
AU - Cerón, Carlos
AU - Thomas, Raquel
AU - Maas, Paul
AU - Silveira, Marcos
AU - Henkel, Terry W.
AU - Stropp, Juliana
AU - Paredes, Marcos Ríos
AU - Dexter, Kyle G.
AU - Daly, Doug
AU - Baker, Tim R.
AU - Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau
AU - Milliken, William
AU - Pennington, Toby
AU - Tello, J. Sebastián
AU - Pena, José Luis Marcelo
AU - Peres, Carlos A.
AU - Klitgaard, Bente
AU - Fuentes, Alfredo
AU - Silman, Miles R.
AU - Di Fiore, Anthony
AU - von Hildebrand, Patricio
AU - Chave, Jerome
AU - van Andel, Tinde R.
AU - Hilário, Renato Richard
AU - Phillips, Juan Fernando
AU - Rivas-Torres, Gonzalo
AU - Noronha, Janaína Costa
AU - Prieto, Adriana
AU - Gonzales, Therany
AU - de Sá Carpanedo, Rainiellene
AU - Gonzales, George Pepe Gallardo
AU - Gómez, Ricardo Zárate
AU - de Jesus Rodrigues, Domingos
AU - Zent, Egleé L.
AU - Ruschel, Ademir R.
AU - Vos, Vincent Antoine
AU - Fonty, Émile
AU - Junqueira, André Braga
AU - Doza, Hilda Paulette Dávila
AU - Hoffman, Bruce
AU - Zent, Stanford
AU - Barbosa, Edelcilio Marques
AU - Malhi, Yadvinder
AU - de Matos Bonates, Luiz Carlos
AU - de Andrade Miranda, Ires Paula
AU - Silva, Natalino
AU - Barbosa, Flávia Rodrigues
AU - Vela, César I.A.
AU - Pinto, Linder Felipe Mozombite
AU - Rudas, Agustín
AU - Albuquerque, Bianca Weiss
AU - Umaña, Maria Natalia
AU - Carrero Márquez, Yrma Andreina
AU - van der Heijden, Geertje
AU - Young, Kenneth R.
AU - Tirado, Milton
AU - Correa, Diego F.
AU - Sierra, Rodrigo
AU - Costa, Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa
AU - Rocha, Maira
AU - Vilanova Torre, Emilio
AU - Wang, Ophelia
AU - Oliveira, Alexandre A.
AU - Kalamandeen, Michelle
AU - Vriesendorp, Corine
AU - Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma
AU - Holmgren, Milena
AU - Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade
AU - Galbraith, David
AU - Flores, Bernardo Monteiro
AU - Scudeller, Veridiana Vizoni
AU - Cano, Angela
AU - Ahuite Reategui, Manuel Augusto
AU - Mesones, Italo
AU - Baider, Cláudia
AU - Mendoza, Casimiro
AU - Zagt, Roderick
AU - Urrego Giraldo, Ligia Estela
AU - Ferreira, Cid
AU - Villarroel, Daniel
AU - Linares-Palomino, Reynaldo
AU - Farfan-Rios, William
AU - Farfan-Rios, William
AU - Casas, Luisa Fernanda
AU - Cárdenas, Sasha
AU - Balslev, Henrik
AU - Torres-Lezama, Armando
AU - Alexiades, Miguel N.
AU - Garcia-Cabrera, Karina
AU - Valenzuela Gamarra, Luis
AU - Valderrama Sandoval, Elvis H.
AU - Ramirez Arevalo, Freddy
AU - Hernandez, Lionel
AU - Sampaio, Adeilza Felipe
AU - Pansini, Susamar
AU - Palacios Cuenca, Walter
AU - de Oliveira, Edmar Almeida
AU - Pauletto, Daniela
AU - Levesley, Aurora
AU - Melgaço, Karina
AU - Pickavance, Georgia
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2020, The Author(s).
PY - 2020/12/1
Y1 - 2020/12/1
N2 - Amazonian forests are extraordinarily diverse, but the estimated species richness is very much debated. Here, we apply an ensemble of parametric estimators and a novel technique that includes conspecific spatial aggregation to an extended database of forest plots with up-to-date taxonomy. We show that the species abundance distribution of Amazonia is best approximated by a logseries with aggregated individuals, where aggregation increases with rarity. By averaging several methods to estimate total richness, we confirm that over 15,000 tree species are expected to occur in Amazonia. We also show that using ten times the number of plots would result in an increase to just ~50% of those 15,000 estimated species. To get a more complete sample of all tree species, rigorous field campaigns may be needed but the number of trees in Amazonia will remain an estimate for years to come.
AB - Amazonian forests are extraordinarily diverse, but the estimated species richness is very much debated. Here, we apply an ensemble of parametric estimators and a novel technique that includes conspecific spatial aggregation to an extended database of forest plots with up-to-date taxonomy. We show that the species abundance distribution of Amazonia is best approximated by a logseries with aggregated individuals, where aggregation increases with rarity. By averaging several methods to estimate total richness, we confirm that over 15,000 tree species are expected to occur in Amazonia. We also show that using ten times the number of plots would result in an increase to just ~50% of those 15,000 estimated species. To get a more complete sample of all tree species, rigorous field campaigns may be needed but the number of trees in Amazonia will remain an estimate for years to come.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85086787200
U2 - 10.1038/s41598-020-66686-3
DO - 10.1038/s41598-020-66686-3
M3 - Artículo
C2 - 32576943
AN - SCOPUS:85086787200
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 10
JO - Scientific Reports
JF - Scientific Reports
IS - 1
M1 - 10130
ER -