Ecological modeling, biogeography, and phenotypic analyses setting the tiger cats’ hyperdimensional niches reveal a new species

Tadeu G. de Oliveira; Lester A. Fox-Rosales; José D. Ramírez-Fernández; Juan C. Cepeda-Duque; Rebecca Zug; Catalina Sanchez-Lalinde; Marcelo J.R. Oliveira; Paulo H.D. Marinho; Alejandra Bonilla-Sánchez; Mara C. Marques; Katia Cassaro; Ricardo Moreno; Damián Rumiz; Felipe B. Peters; Josué Ortega; Gitana Cavalcanti; Michael S. Mooring; Steven R. Blankenship; Esteban Brenes-Mora; Douglas Dias; Fábio D. Mazim; Eduardo Eizirik; Jaime L. Diehl; Rosane V. Marques; Ana Carolina C. Ribeiro; Reginaldo A. Cruz; Emanuelle Pasa; Lyse P.C. Meira; Alex Pereira; Guilherme B. Ferreira; Fernando F. de Pinho; Liana M.M. Sena; Vinícius R. de Morais; Micheli Ribeiro Luiz; Vitor E.C. Moura; Marina O. Favarini; Karla P.G. Leal; Paulo G.C. Wagner; Maurício C. dos Santos; James Sanderson; Elienê P. Araújo; Flávio H.G. Rodrigues

doi:10.1038/s41598-024-52379-8

Ecological modeling, biogeography, and phenotypic analyses setting the tiger cats’ hyperdimensional niches reveal a new species

Tadeu G. de Oliveira^*
, Lester A. Fox-Rosales
, José D. Ramírez-Fernández
, Juan C. Cepeda-Duque
, Rebecca Zug
, Catalina Sanchez-Lalinde
, Marcelo J.R. Oliveira
, Paulo H.D. Marinho
, Alejandra Bonilla-Sánchez
, Mara C. Marques
, Katia Cassaro
, Ricardo Moreno
, Damián Rumiz
, Felipe B. Peters
, Josué Ortega
, Gitana Cavalcanti
, Michael S. Mooring
, Steven R. Blankenship
, Esteban Brenes-Mora
, Douglas Dias

Fábio D. Mazim, Eduardo Eizirik, Jaime L. Diehl, Rosane V. Marques, Ana Carolina C. Ribeiro, Reginaldo A. Cruz, Emanuelle Pasa, Lyse P.C. Meira, Alex Pereira, Guilherme B. Ferreira, Fernando F. de Pinho, Liana M.M. Sena, Vinícius R. de Morais, Micheli Ribeiro Luiz, Vitor E.C. Moura, Marina O. Favarini, Karla P.G. Leal, Paulo G.C. Wagner, Maurício C. dos Santos, James Sanderson, Elienê P. Araújo, Flávio H.G. Rodrigues

^*Corresponding author for this work

Biología

Universidade Estadual do Maranhão
Instituto Pro-Carnívoros
Tiger Cats Conservation Initiative (TCCI)
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Costa Rica Wildlife Foundation
Onca Fundación para el Estudio de la Diversidad
Instituto Biotrópicos
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul
Zoológico de São Paulo Zoo
Zoológico Beto Carrero World
Fundación Yaguará Panamá
Noel Kempff Mercado Natural History Museum
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
Smithsonian Institution
GAE Serviços Ambientais
Point Loma Nazarene University
Quetzal Education & Research Center (QERC)
Re:wild
SETEG- Soluções Geológicas e Ambientais
Ka’aguy Consultoria Ambiental
Universidade Federal de Goiás
Cruzeiro do Sul Consultoria Ambiental Ltda.
Bioconsultoria Ambiental Ltda.
Instituto Felinos do Aguaí
Universidade Federal de Lavras
IBAMA
Small Wild Cat Conservation Foundation

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

16 Scopus citations

Abstract

Recently, the tiger-cat species complex was split into Leopardus tigrinus and Leopardus guttulus, along with other proposed schemes. We performed a detailed analysis integrating ecological modeling, biogeography, and phenotype of the four originally recognized subspecies—tigrinus, oncilla, pardinoides, guttulus—and presented a new multidimensional niche depiction of the species. Species distribution models used > 1400 records from museums and photographs, all checked for species accuracy. Morphological data were obtained from institutional/personal archives. Spotting patterns were established by integrating museum and photographic/camera-trap records. Principal component analysis showed three clearly distinct groups, with the Central American specimens (oncilla) clustering entirely within those of the Andes, namely the pardinoides group of the cloud forests of the southern Central-American and Andean mountain chains (clouded tiger-cat); the tigrinus group of the savannas of the Guiana Shield and central/northeastern Brazil (savanna tiger-cat); and the guttulus group in the lowland forests of the Atlantic Forest domain (Atlantic Forest tiger-cat). This scheme is supported by recent genetic analyses. All species displayed different spotting patterns, with some significant differences in body measurements/proportions. The new distribution presented alarming reductions from the historic range of − 50.4% to − 68.2%. This multidimensional approach revealed a new species of the elusive and threatened tiger-cat complex.

Original language	English
Article number	2395
Journal	Scientific Reports
Volume	14
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-52379-8
State	Published - Dec 2024

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de Oliveira, T. G., Fox-Rosales, L. A., Ramírez-Fernández, J. D., Cepeda-Duque, J. C., Zug, R., Sanchez-Lalinde, C., Oliveira, M. J. R., Marinho, P. H. D., Bonilla-Sánchez, A., Marques, M. C., Cassaro, K., Moreno, R., Rumiz, D., Peters, F. B., Ortega, J., Cavalcanti, G., Mooring, M. S., Blankenship, S. R., Brenes-Mora, E., ... Rodrigues, F. H. G. (2024). Ecological modeling, biogeography, and phenotypic analyses setting the tiger cats’ hyperdimensional niches reveal a new species. Scientific Reports, 14(1), Article 2395. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-52379-8

@article{443eef8c399e45868da5e1dd7eafacf1,

title = "Ecological modeling, biogeography, and phenotypic analyses setting the tiger cats{\textquoteright} hyperdimensional niches reveal a new species",

abstract = "Recently, the tiger-cat species complex was split into Leopardus tigrinus and Leopardus guttulus, along with other proposed schemes. We performed a detailed analysis integrating ecological modeling, biogeography, and phenotype of the four originally recognized subspecies—tigrinus, oncilla, pardinoides, guttulus—and presented a new multidimensional niche depiction of the species. Species distribution models used > 1400 records from museums and photographs, all checked for species accuracy. Morphological data were obtained from institutional/personal archives. Spotting patterns were established by integrating museum and photographic/camera-trap records. Principal component analysis showed three clearly distinct groups, with the Central American specimens (oncilla) clustering entirely within those of the Andes, namely the pardinoides group of the cloud forests of the southern Central-American and Andean mountain chains (clouded tiger-cat); the tigrinus group of the savannas of the Guiana Shield and central/northeastern Brazil (savanna tiger-cat); and the guttulus group in the lowland forests of the Atlantic Forest domain (Atlantic Forest tiger-cat). This scheme is supported by recent genetic analyses. All species displayed different spotting patterns, with some significant differences in body measurements/proportions. The new distribution presented alarming reductions from the historic range of − 50.4\% to − 68.2\%. This multidimensional approach revealed a new species of the elusive and threatened tiger-cat complex.",

author = "\{de Oliveira\}, \{Tadeu G.\} and Fox-Rosales, \{Lester A.\} and Ram{\'i}rez-Fern{\'a}ndez, \{Jos{\'e} D.\} and Cepeda-Duque, \{Juan C.\} and Rebecca Zug and Catalina Sanchez-Lalinde and Oliveira, \{Marcelo J.R.\} and Marinho, \{Paulo H.D.\} and Alejandra Bonilla-S{\'a}nchez and Marques, \{Mara C.\} and Katia Cassaro and Ricardo Moreno and Dami{\'a}n Rumiz and Peters, \{Felipe B.\} and Josu{\'e} Ortega and Gitana Cavalcanti and Mooring, \{Michael S.\} and Blankenship, \{Steven R.\} and Esteban Brenes-Mora and Douglas Dias and Mazim, \{F{\'a}bio D.\} and Eduardo Eizirik and Diehl, \{Jaime L.\} and Marques, \{Rosane V.\} and Ribeiro, \{Ana Carolina C.\} and Cruz, \{Reginaldo A.\} and Emanuelle Pasa and Meira, \{Lyse P.C.\} and Alex Pereira and Ferreira, \{Guilherme B.\} and \{de Pinho\}, \{Fernando F.\} and Sena, \{Liana M.M.\} and \{de Morais\}, \{Vin{\'i}cius R.\} and \{Ribeiro Luiz\}, Micheli and Moura, \{Vitor E.C.\} and Favarini, \{Marina O.\} and Leal, \{Karla P.G.\} and Wagner, \{Paulo G.C.\} and \{dos Santos\}, \{Maur{\'i}cio C.\} and James Sanderson and Ara{\'u}jo, \{Elien{\^e} P.\} and Rodrigues, \{Fl{\'a}vio H.G.\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024, The Author(s).",

year = "2024",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1038/s41598-024-52379-8",

language = "Ingl{\'e}s",

volume = "14",

journal = "Scientific Reports",

issn = "2045-2322",

publisher = "Nature Research",

number = "1",

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de Oliveira, TG, Fox-Rosales, LA, Ramírez-Fernández, JD, Cepeda-Duque, JC, Zug, R, Sanchez-Lalinde, C, Oliveira, MJR, Marinho, PHD, Bonilla-Sánchez, A, Marques, MC, Cassaro, K, Moreno, R, Rumiz, D, Peters, FB, Ortega, J, Cavalcanti, G, Mooring, MS, Blankenship, SR, Brenes-Mora, E, Dias, D, Mazim, FD, Eizirik, E, Diehl, JL, Marques, RV, Ribeiro, ACC, Cruz, RA, Pasa, E, Meira, LPC, Pereira, A, Ferreira, GB, de Pinho, FF, Sena, LMM, de Morais, VR, Ribeiro Luiz, M, Moura, VEC, Favarini, MO, Leal, KPG, Wagner, PGC, dos Santos, MC, Sanderson, J, Araújo, EP & Rodrigues, FHG 2024, 'Ecological modeling, biogeography, and phenotypic analyses setting the tiger cats’ hyperdimensional niches reveal a new species', Scientific Reports, vol. 14, no. 1, 2395. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-52379-8

TY - JOUR

T1 - Ecological modeling, biogeography, and phenotypic analyses setting the tiger cats’ hyperdimensional niches reveal a new species

AU - de Oliveira, Tadeu G.

AU - Fox-Rosales, Lester A.

AU - Ramírez-Fernández, José D.

AU - Cepeda-Duque, Juan C.

AU - Zug, Rebecca

AU - Sanchez-Lalinde, Catalina

AU - Oliveira, Marcelo J.R.

AU - Marinho, Paulo H.D.

AU - Bonilla-Sánchez, Alejandra

AU - Marques, Mara C.

AU - Cassaro, Katia

AU - Moreno, Ricardo

AU - Rumiz, Damián

AU - Peters, Felipe B.

AU - Ortega, Josué

AU - Cavalcanti, Gitana

AU - Mooring, Michael S.

AU - Blankenship, Steven R.

AU - Brenes-Mora, Esteban

AU - Dias, Douglas

AU - Mazim, Fábio D.

AU - Eizirik, Eduardo

AU - Diehl, Jaime L.

AU - Marques, Rosane V.

AU - Ribeiro, Ana Carolina C.

AU - Cruz, Reginaldo A.

AU - Pasa, Emanuelle

AU - Meira, Lyse P.C.

AU - Pereira, Alex

AU - Ferreira, Guilherme B.

AU - de Pinho, Fernando F.

AU - Sena, Liana M.M.

AU - de Morais, Vinícius R.

AU - Ribeiro Luiz, Micheli

AU - Moura, Vitor E.C.

AU - Favarini, Marina O.

AU - Leal, Karla P.G.

AU - Wagner, Paulo G.C.

AU - dos Santos, Maurício C.

AU - Sanderson, James

AU - Araújo, Elienê P.

AU - Rodrigues, Flávio H.G.

PY - 2024/12

Y1 - 2024/12

N2 - Recently, the tiger-cat species complex was split into Leopardus tigrinus and Leopardus guttulus, along with other proposed schemes. We performed a detailed analysis integrating ecological modeling, biogeography, and phenotype of the four originally recognized subspecies—tigrinus, oncilla, pardinoides, guttulus—and presented a new multidimensional niche depiction of the species. Species distribution models used > 1400 records from museums and photographs, all checked for species accuracy. Morphological data were obtained from institutional/personal archives. Spotting patterns were established by integrating museum and photographic/camera-trap records. Principal component analysis showed three clearly distinct groups, with the Central American specimens (oncilla) clustering entirely within those of the Andes, namely the pardinoides group of the cloud forests of the southern Central-American and Andean mountain chains (clouded tiger-cat); the tigrinus group of the savannas of the Guiana Shield and central/northeastern Brazil (savanna tiger-cat); and the guttulus group in the lowland forests of the Atlantic Forest domain (Atlantic Forest tiger-cat). This scheme is supported by recent genetic analyses. All species displayed different spotting patterns, with some significant differences in body measurements/proportions. The new distribution presented alarming reductions from the historic range of − 50.4% to − 68.2%. This multidimensional approach revealed a new species of the elusive and threatened tiger-cat complex.

AB - Recently, the tiger-cat species complex was split into Leopardus tigrinus and Leopardus guttulus, along with other proposed schemes. We performed a detailed analysis integrating ecological modeling, biogeography, and phenotype of the four originally recognized subspecies—tigrinus, oncilla, pardinoides, guttulus—and presented a new multidimensional niche depiction of the species. Species distribution models used > 1400 records from museums and photographs, all checked for species accuracy. Morphological data were obtained from institutional/personal archives. Spotting patterns were established by integrating museum and photographic/camera-trap records. Principal component analysis showed three clearly distinct groups, with the Central American specimens (oncilla) clustering entirely within those of the Andes, namely the pardinoides group of the cloud forests of the southern Central-American and Andean mountain chains (clouded tiger-cat); the tigrinus group of the savannas of the Guiana Shield and central/northeastern Brazil (savanna tiger-cat); and the guttulus group in the lowland forests of the Atlantic Forest domain (Atlantic Forest tiger-cat). This scheme is supported by recent genetic analyses. All species displayed different spotting patterns, with some significant differences in body measurements/proportions. The new distribution presented alarming reductions from the historic range of − 50.4% to − 68.2%. This multidimensional approach revealed a new species of the elusive and threatened tiger-cat complex.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85183349998

U2 - 10.1038/s41598-024-52379-8

DO - 10.1038/s41598-024-52379-8

M3 - Artículo

AN - SCOPUS:85183349998

SN - 2045-2322

VL - 14

JO - Scientific Reports

JF - Scientific Reports

IS - 1

M1 - 2395

ER -

Ecological modeling, biogeography, and phenotypic analyses setting the tiger cats’ hyperdimensional niches reveal a new species

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