A Comparison of Adaptive PID, Adaptive Dual-PID and Adaptive Fractional PID Controllers for a Nonlinear System with Variable Parameters

This paper presents a comparative analysis of three control strategies: Adaptive PID, Dual-Adaptive PID, and Adaptive Gain FO-PID controllers. These controllers were evaluated on nonlinear dynamic systems with varying parameters, considering set point variations, disturbances, and measurement noise. Performance was quantified using key metrics such as settling time, overshoot, Integral of Squared Error (ISE), and Integral of Squared Control Output (ISCO). The results demonstrate that the Adaptive Gain FO-PID consistently outper forms the other methods, highlighting its superior ability to manage the complexities of nonlinear systems.