TY - JOUR
T1 - The phylogenetic position of the Galápagos Cormorant
AU - Kennedy, Martyn
AU - Valle, Carlos A.
AU - Spencer, Hamish G.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank the following people and institutions for kindly supplying samples for DNA sequencing: J. Amey, S. Aspinall, A. Baker, M. Bell, L. Chadderton, L. Christidis, D. Dittmann, C. Duffy, V. Friesen, B. Gill, P. Grant, R. Grant , J. Graves, O. Haddrath, P. Moore, I. Nishiumi, G. Nunn, A. Paterson, J. Piatt, C. Robertson, A. Scolaro, R. Schuckard, C. Wood, American Museum of Natural History, Auckland Institute and Museum, Burke Museum, Museum of Natural Science at Louisiana State University, Museum of Victoria, Percy FitzPatrick Institute, Royal Ontario Museum, and USFWS. Comments from an anonymous reviewer led to improvements in the MS. This research was supported by a New Zealand Foundation for Research, Science and Technology Postdoctoral Fellowship (MK), by the University of Otago Research Committee (HGS) and by the Allan Wilson Centre for Molecular Ecology and Evolution (HGS).
PY - 2009/10
Y1 - 2009/10
N2 - The endangered Galápagos Cormorant, Phalacrocorax harrisi, is unique among the species of the Phalacrocoracidae in being flightless and sequentially polyandrous. It has had a vexed taxonomic history, variously being lumped with all the species in Phalacrocorax, being accorded its own genus, Nannopterum, or being included in Leucocarbo or Compsohalieus. Different authorities have similarly suggested a number of different species as being its closest relative. Here we use novel mitochondrial DNA sequence data to show that the Galápagos Cormorant is related to the sister pair of the mainland Americas, the Double-crested Cormorant, P. auritus, and the Neotropic Cormorant, P. brasilianus. This trio of species has high statistical support (Bayesian posterior probability of 1.00; NJ bootstrap 98%; MP bootstrap 91%). The Galápagos Cormorant is thus a relatively recent offshoot of the mainland form, which has subsequently evolved flightlessness. Until the phylogeny of the cormorants is more clearly resolved, we recommend the continued use of Phalacrocorax for all species.
AB - The endangered Galápagos Cormorant, Phalacrocorax harrisi, is unique among the species of the Phalacrocoracidae in being flightless and sequentially polyandrous. It has had a vexed taxonomic history, variously being lumped with all the species in Phalacrocorax, being accorded its own genus, Nannopterum, or being included in Leucocarbo or Compsohalieus. Different authorities have similarly suggested a number of different species as being its closest relative. Here we use novel mitochondrial DNA sequence data to show that the Galápagos Cormorant is related to the sister pair of the mainland Americas, the Double-crested Cormorant, P. auritus, and the Neotropic Cormorant, P. brasilianus. This trio of species has high statistical support (Bayesian posterior probability of 1.00; NJ bootstrap 98%; MP bootstrap 91%). The Galápagos Cormorant is thus a relatively recent offshoot of the mainland form, which has subsequently evolved flightlessness. Until the phylogeny of the cormorants is more clearly resolved, we recommend the continued use of Phalacrocorax for all species.
KW - Compsohalieus
KW - Flightless Cormorant
KW - Galápagos Cormorant
KW - Leucocarbo
KW - P. harrisi
KW - Phalacrocorax
KW - Phylogeny
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=67949109465&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ympev.2009.06.002
DO - 10.1016/j.ympev.2009.06.002
M3 - Artículo
C2 - 19523526
AN - SCOPUS:67949109465
SN - 1055-7903
VL - 53
SP - 94
EP - 98
JO - Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
JF - Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
IS - 1
ER -