TY - JOUR
T1 - The role of geography and ecology in shaping the p hylogeography of the speckled hummingbird (Adelomyia melanogenys) in Ecuador
AU - Chaves, Jaime A.
AU - Pollinger, John P.
AU - Smith, Thomas B.
AU - LeBuhn, Gretchen
N1 - Funding Information:
We gratefully acknowledge the following institutions and people for contributing to this research: Fulbright OAS-Ecology Initiative, Society for the Comparative and Integrative Biology Research Grants-in-Aid and Center for Tropical Research. B. Milá and J. McCormack provided comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript and W. Buermann provided information on the environmental layers and MAXENT data for Ecuador. Field work was possible by the kind collaboration of Jocotoco Foundation, Tellkamp family, Yanayacu Biological Station, Cabañas San Isidro, Verdecocha owner Jorge Enrique Maldonado, Comuna de Loma Alta, HidroPaute, and Richard Parsons at Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve. The first author is deeply grateful to J. Hidalgo, M. Reynolds, B. Milá, C. Dingle, J.F. Freile, J. Robayo, C. Moncagatta and M.F. Salazar who provided important field assistance. H. Thomassen, K. Ruegg, A. Uy, E. Routman, C. Graham and members of the Smith lab contributed with important feedback in our analysis. We also thank the anonymous reviewer for his helpful comments on the manuscript. We are grateful to the nation of Ecuador for approving our collecting and research program. This research was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation IRCEB9977072 and NASA to T.B.S.
PY - 2007/6
Y1 - 2007/6
N2 - The Andes of South America contain one of the richest avifaunas in the world, but little is known about how this diversity arises and is maintained. Variation in mitochondrial DNA and morphology within the speckled hummingbird (Adelomyia melanogenys) was used to elucidate the phylogeographic pattern along an Ecuadorian elevational gradient, from the coastal cordillera to the inland Andean montane region. We examined sequence, climatic/remote sensing and morphological data to understand the effects of topography and ecology on patterns of variation. Populations on either side of the Andes are genetically divergent and were separated during a period that corresponds to the final stages of Andean uplift during the Pliocene. Despite isolation, these two populations were found to be morphologically similar suggesting a strong effect of stabilizing selection across ecologically similar Andean cloud forests, as assessed using climatic and remote sensing data. In contrast, little genetic divergence was found between coastal and west-Andean individuals, suggesting recent interruption of gene flow between these localities. However, coastal populations were found to inhabit different habitats compared to Andean populations as shown by climatic and remote sensing variables. Furthermore, coastal individuals had significantly longer bills compared to their montane relatives, indicative of differential directional selection and the influence of habitat differences in shaping phenotypic variation. Results highlight the role of both isolation and ecology in diversification in Ecuadorian montane regions, while suggesting the two may not always act in concert to produce divergence in adaptive traits.
AB - The Andes of South America contain one of the richest avifaunas in the world, but little is known about how this diversity arises and is maintained. Variation in mitochondrial DNA and morphology within the speckled hummingbird (Adelomyia melanogenys) was used to elucidate the phylogeographic pattern along an Ecuadorian elevational gradient, from the coastal cordillera to the inland Andean montane region. We examined sequence, climatic/remote sensing and morphological data to understand the effects of topography and ecology on patterns of variation. Populations on either side of the Andes are genetically divergent and were separated during a period that corresponds to the final stages of Andean uplift during the Pliocene. Despite isolation, these two populations were found to be morphologically similar suggesting a strong effect of stabilizing selection across ecologically similar Andean cloud forests, as assessed using climatic and remote sensing data. In contrast, little genetic divergence was found between coastal and west-Andean individuals, suggesting recent interruption of gene flow between these localities. However, coastal populations were found to inhabit different habitats compared to Andean populations as shown by climatic and remote sensing variables. Furthermore, coastal individuals had significantly longer bills compared to their montane relatives, indicative of differential directional selection and the influence of habitat differences in shaping phenotypic variation. Results highlight the role of both isolation and ecology in diversification in Ecuadorian montane regions, while suggesting the two may not always act in concert to produce divergence in adaptive traits.
KW - Andes
KW - Directional selection
KW - Ecuador
KW - Morphology
KW - Phylogeography
KW - Remote sensing
KW - Speckled hummingbird
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=34248630503&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ympev.2006.11.006
DO - 10.1016/j.ympev.2006.11.006
M3 - Artículo
C2 - 17208464
AN - SCOPUS:34248630503
SN - 1055-7903
VL - 43
SP - 795
EP - 807
JO - Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
JF - Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
IS - 3
ER -
